Python 유효 범위 (로컬 범위, 글로벌 범위)

Udemy : Python 유효 범위 (로컬 범위, 글로벌 범위)

 

Scope

enemies = 1

def increase_enemies():
    enemies = 2
    print(f"enemies inside function: {enemies}")

increase_enemies()
print(f"enemies inside function: {enemies}")

# output 1 : enemies inside function: 2
# output 2 : enemies inside function: 1

• output 1
  • 함수에서 가지고 온 enemies
• output 2
  • 함수 밖에 있는 enemies=1을 가지고 왔다

 

Local Scope (로컬 범위)

• 로컬 범위는, 함수 안에 있는 것이다
• 변수를 함수 안에 넣게 되면, 함수 내에서만 변수를 사용할 수 없다
  • 즉 위에 enemies = 1 가 없고, enemies라는 변수를 따로 출력하려면 오류가 뜰 것이다

def increase_enemies():
    enemies = 2
    print(f"enemies inside function: {enemies}")

print(enemies)
# error

 

Global Scope (전역 범위)

• 함수 밖에 존재하는 것 들이다

enemies = 1

def increase_enemies():
    enemies = 2
    print(f"enemies inside function: {enemies}")

increase_enemies()
print(f"enemies inside function: {enemies}")

# output 1 : enemies inside function: 2
# output 2 : enemies inside function: 1

• 즉 output 1은 Local Scope / output 2는 Global Scope

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숫자 맞추는 게임

null

def number_dif(count, num, num_choose):
  if num_choose > num:
    print("Too high.")
    print("Guess again.")
    print(f"You have {count} attempts remaining to guess the number")
    return False
  elif num_choose < num:
    print("Too low.")
    print("Guess again.")
    print(f"You have {count} attempts remaining to guess the number")
    return False
  elif num_choose == num:
    return True

import random

print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
print("I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.")
difficulty = input("Choose a difficulty. Type 'easy' or 'hard': ")

random_number = random.randint(1, 100)


if difficulty == 'easy':
  print("You have 10 attempts remaining to guess the number.")
  for i in range(9, 0, -1):
    guess = int(input("Make a guess: "))
    result = number_dif(i,random_number, guess)
    if result == True:
      print(f"You got it! The answer was {random_number}")
      break

  if result != True:
    print(f"You have failed to guess the number. The answer was {random_number}")

elif difficulty == 'hard':
  print("You have 5 attempts remaining to guess the number.")
  for i in range(4, 0, -1):
    guess = int(input("Make a guess: "))
    result = number_dif(i,random_number, guess)
    if result == True:
      print(f"You got it! The answer was {random_number}.")
      break

  if result != True:
    print(f"You've run out of guesses. The answer was {random_number}")

else:
  print("You did not choose the right difficulty, run the game again")

• number_dif 함수에 유저가 입력한 숫자와 맞춰야 하는 숫자를 비교한다
  • 못 맞추면, False를 return하고 맞추면 True를 return 한다
• 이 함수를 for문에 넣어서, easy를 선택했을 땐 10번을 반복하고, hard를 선택했을 땐 5번을 반복한다
• 그리고 함수에서 True를 반환했을 때, for문은 끝나고, 게임도 끝난다